Characterization and application of rhamnolipid from Pseudomonas plecoglossicida BP03

The production of rhamnolipid (glycolipid) biosurfactant was achieved under optimized conditions from newly isolated bacteria (Pseudomonas plecoglossicida BP03) from rice mill effluent. The isolated biosurfactant was structurally characterized using FTIR and NMR spectroscopic studies. The obtained biosurfactant (1·39 g l−1) showed a variety of applications including larvicidal and pupicidal activity against malarial vector (Anopheles sunadicus). It also exhibited antimicrobial activity against human pathogens, and possessed potent anti‐biofilm activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis and Aeromonas hydrophila. The obtained biosurfactant showed a dose‐dependent inhibition of exopolymeric substance (EPS) and growth curve in S. aureus. Furthermore, the cytotoxicity assays revealed that the biosurfactant exhibit a cytotoxic potency against the human fibroblastic sarcoma cells Ht‐1080. An in silco analysis was also performed using Schrodinger maestro 9.3 against surface protein (SasG) of S. aureus, and the resultant analysis revealed an interactive docking score of −3·4 kcal mol−1. The obtained result indicates that the synthesized economically viable biosurfactant ensures excellent applications towards various fields. Significance and Impact of the Study: Nowadays chemically synthesized drugs are expensive and create damage to nontarget environment. It creates the demand for low toxic drugs to control and need to achieve immediate results. Microbially derived biosurfactant has been prepared and tried as a drug to various biofilm producers, Anopheles vector and cancer cells. These results confirms the potential ability of rhamnolipid in various toxic environment.