Association of Cancer With Outcomes in Patients Hospitalized for Heart Failure

Background:The complex clinical status of heart failure (HF) patients with concomitant cancer is gaining clinical interest. This study sought to explore the prevalence of cancer in patients with HF and its effect on outcomes using a nationwide inpatient database.Methods and Results:In total, 447,818 HF patients who were admitted and discharged between January 2010 and March 2018 were studied and included in the Diagnosis Procedure Combination (DPC) database. The median age was 81 years; 238,192 patients (53.2%) were men and 25,951 (5.8%) had concomitant cancer. The prevalence of cancer peaked in patients aged in their 70 s and 80 s and increased with time. Patients with cancer were older and more likely to be male. Cigarette smoking was more common in patients with cancer. Patients with cancer more frequently had infectious complications during hospitalization. Advanced medical procedures were less frequently performed for patients with cancer. In-hospital mortality was higher in patients with cancer than those without (10.0% vs. 6.7%, P