A study of knee anterior cruciate ligament biomechanics with respect to energy and relaxation

This research aimed to study the biomechanical properties of sheep tendon under torsion and the tendon energy absorption performance with an externally imposed initial force. Tendons of nine healthy knees of sheep were investigated. In both tests, we investigated energy and relaxation at rotations of 0°, 90°, 180°, and 360°. For both tensile force and tensile displacement at a sampling period of 100 milliseconds, the maximum value of 89 N was selected as the maximum tension state for 600 s of relaxation duration for testing relaxation, and analysed of the average force of the last 30 s. The difference of energy levels of the tendons are significant between twisted groups (180° and 360°) and untwisted group (0°) (P