Follow-up Adherence and Barriers to Care for Pediatric Glaucomas at a Tertiary Care Center

To determine the percent adherence to follow-up for patients with pediatric glaucomas seen at a tertiary care center and to elucidate risk factors. Retrospective cohort study. Patients with pediatric glaucomas seen at the University of Minnesota over 8.5 years were classified as adherent, nonadherent, or lost to tertiary follow-up if they followed up within 0-30 days, between 31 and 180 days, or later than 180 days of the recommended appointment time or never, respectively. Of 176 patients analyzed, 95 (54%) were adherent (51% male; mean [standard deviation (SD)] age: 56.1 [59.8] months), 5 (3%) were nonadherent (20% male; mean [SD] age: 25.0 [35.8] months), and 76 (43%) were lost to tertiary follow-up (55% male; mean [SD] age: 58.9 [53.1] months). Multiple logistic regression analysis of variables that were significant in isolation revealed that only race (white: odds ratio, 3.58; 95% confidence interval, 1.42-9.05; P = .007) and distance from the eye clinic (per 50 miles: odds ratio, 0.79; 95% confidence interval, 0.67-0.92; P = .003) significantly impacted adherence. This is the first study of adherence to follow-up recommendations for patients with pediatric glaucomas. Percent adherence to follow-up appointments was alarmingly low, and decreased adherence was observed with non-white race and increased distance to the eye clinic. Physicians should consider these risk factors when risk-stratifying patients with pediatric glaucomas for nonadherence to follow-up. Additional studies to improve adherence through interventions that reduce biases and barriers to follow-up are needed.