The Addition of Partial or Circumferential Liposuction to Abdominoplasty Is Not Associated With a Higher Risk of Skin Necrosis

Abstract Background Combining abdominoplasty with liposuction is a common practice for optimal patient aesthetic outcomes. In the past, several practitioners have argued against liposuction due to the potential for vascular insufficiency, especially with central liposuction. Despite these concerns for flap damage with resultant necrosis, the incidence of this complication has not been comprehensively investigated. Objectives The authors therefore examined the incidence of necrotic complications, including skin and fat necrosis as well as partial/total flap loss, in patients who underwent abdominoplasty alone (AA) or abdominoplasty with partial or circumferential liposuction (APCL). Methods Literature searches were performed in PubMed/Medline and Embase with no query limits. For the systematic review, data from the studies were extracted into a form including primary author, publication year, study design, number of AA and APCL patients, abdominal zone(s) treated with liposuction, average lipoaspirate volume, follow-up time, necrotic complications, and revision procedures. A meta-analysis was separately performed for 13 studies that included patients who underwent both AA and APCL. Results The overall rate of necrotic complications was lower in the APCL group (0.39%) compared with the AA group (1.01%). The incidence of necrotic complications was low for all patients, with a pooled partial flap loss rate of 0.24% and a pooled skin necrosis rate of 0.23%. The forest plots revealed that patients who underwent APCL do not face a higher risk of skin necrosis or revision compared with those who underwent AA. Conclusions Performing APCL is a safe combined procedural approach and can confer added benefits of improved patient satisfaction and aesthetic outcomes. Level of Evidence: 4