Hypophosphatemia as an Early Metabolic Bone Disease Marker in Extremely Low‐Birth‐Weight Infants After Prolonged Parenteral Nutrition Exposure

Background Early metabolic bone disease (MBD) detection is important in preterm infants to decrease long‐term consequence. We aim to explore the early MBD biochemical marker in extremely low‐birth‐weight (ELBW) infants. Methods Retrospective cohort study of 95 preterm infants born in a tertiary care–level neonatal intensive care unit between January 2015 and June 2018, with birth weight 14 days and categorized as the high‐risk group; the remaining 60 were categorized as the control group. Mineral intake in the first 14 days and the trend of serum calcium (Ca), phosphorus (P), and alkaline phosphatase (ALP) levels were compared in both groups. Results The Ca and P supplementation in the first 2 weeks of life were inadequate in both groups. Compared with the control group, significantly lower serum P (mg/dL) levels were noted in the high‐risk group on weeks 2 (3.65 ± 1.2 vs 4.67 ± 1.45; P < .001), 4 (3.21 ± 0.95 vs 5.83 ± 1.18; P < .0001), and 6 (3.94 ± 1.1 vs 6.22 ± 0.78; P