Peripapillary and parafoveal microvascular changes in eyes with optic neuritis and their fellow eyes measured by optical coherence tomography angiography: an Exploratory Study

Purpose This study aimed to evaluate parafoveal and peripapillary microvascular alterations in eyes with optic neuritis (ON) along with their fellow eyes compared to healthy control eyes using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT‐A). Methods We included 31 ON‐affected eyes and 31 fellow eyes of 31 patients who had experienced unilateral ON and 33 eyes of 33 healthy controls in this exploratory retrospective cross‐sectional study. Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT‐A) was used to generate microvascular structural images and quantify the vessel density of the superficial retinal capillary plexus (SRCP), the deep retinal capillary plexus (DRCP) and radial peripapillary capillary (RPC) segments. We used the Kruskal–Wallis test for the comparison of OCT‐A results between the three groups and generalized estimating equation models for the pairwise comparisons. Results There were significant differences of SRCP (p = 0.0003) and RPC segment (p