Alteration of mitochondrial supercomplexes assembly in metabolic diseases

Deregulation of nutrient, hormonal, or neuronal signaling produces metabolic alterations that result in increased mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. The associations of the mitochondrial respiratory chain components into supercomplexes could have pathophysiological relevance in metabolic diseases, as supramolecular arrangements, by sustaining a high electron transport rate, might prevent ROS generation. In this review, the relationship between mitochondrial dysfunction and supercomplex arrangement of the mitochondrial respiratory chain components in obesity, insulin resistance, hepatic steatosis and diabetes mellitus is summarized and discussed. [Display omitted] •Metabolic diseases are associated with mitochondrial respiratory chain dysfunction.•Metabolic diseases correlate with supercomplexes defective assembly.•Supercomplexes de-arrangement might constitute a reliable marker in metabolic disease.