Bacillus toyonensis BCT‐7112T transient supplementation improves vaccine efficacy in ewes vaccinated against Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin

Aim The aim of the present study was to examine the vaccine immune response in ewes supplemented with Bacillus toyonensis BCT‐7112T during a period of 5‐day supplementation before vaccination against a recombinant Clostridium perfringens epsilon toxin (rETX). Methods and Results Ewes were vaccinated with 200 µg of rETX adjuvanted with 10% aluminium hydroxide. The treat group was orally supplemented with B. toyonensis BCT‐7112T (3 × 108 viable spores) for 5 days prior to the first and second vaccination. Ewes supplemented with B. toyonensis BCT‐7112T showed higher neutralizing antibody titres than the non‐supplemented ewes (P