Mass transport around a horizontal cylinder beneath waves

Around a horizontal cylinder submerged beneath waves with its axis parallel to the wave crests there exists, owing to streaming flow in the boundary layer, circulation with the same sense of rotation as that of the orbital motion in the waves. Experimental results, for conditions in which the effects of separation are not important, confirm theoretical predictions of the mass-transport velocity at the outer edge of the oscillatory boundary layer. Pressure measurements on the cylinder reveal a nonlinear component which is interpreted as a consequence of circulation induced by steady streaming.