Copper foam in situ loaded with precious metal nanoparticles as transmission SEIRAS substrate for rapid detection of dithiocarbamate pesticides

A transmission surface-enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopy (SEIRAS) substrate based on copper foam (CF) was developed for the rapid detection of dithiocarbamate (DTC) pesticides. The transmission SEIRAS substrate was prepared by immersing CF in a mixed solution of a precious metal solution and a polyvinyl pyrrolidone (PVP) solution. Then CF could be in situ loaded with precious metal nanoparticles (MNPs) by PVP-modified displacement reaction in seconds. PVP could be helpful for the uniform distribution of MNPs. Experimental parameters were evaluated with 11-mercaptoundecanoic acid (MUA) as a probe molecule, including the concentration of the precious metal solution, the amount of PVP, and the reaction time. Taking CF loaded with gold nanoparticles (Au NPs-CF) as an example, the signal intensity of DTC pesticide (Ziram) could be enhanced by two orders of magnitude, and the R of the calibration curve was 0.999. In addition, the Pt NPs-CF substrate was applied to the rapid detection of other DTC pesticides (Ferbam). In summary, we have developed a new method to prepare the transmission SEIRAS substrate and apply it to the rapid detection of DTC pesticides in liquid.