Different antibiotic regimes in men diagnosed with lower urinary tract infection - a retrospective register-based study

To compare the proportion of therapy failure, recurrence and complications within 30 days after consultation between men diagnosed with lower urinary tract infection (UTI) treated with narrow-spectrum antibiotics (nitrofurantoin or pivmecillinam) and broad-spectrum antibiotics (fluoroquinolones or trimethoprim or trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole). A retrospective cohort study based on data derived from electronic medical records between January 2012 and December 2015. Primary health care and hospital care in five different counties in Sweden. Patients: A total of 16,555 men aged between 18 and 79 years diagnosed with lower UTI. Treatment with narrow-spectrum antibiotics was compared with broad-spectrum antibiotics regarding therapy failure, recurrence and complications within 30 days. The median age of included men was 65 IQR (51-72) years. Narrow-spectrum antibiotics were prescribed in 8457 (40%) and broad-spectrum antibiotics in 12,667 (60%) cases, respectively. Therapy failure was registered in 192 (0.9%), recurrence in 1277 (6%) and complications in 121 (0.6%) cases. Therapy failure and recurrence were more common in patients treated with narrow-spectrum antibiotics and trimethoprim (p