Validity and reliability of the Indonesian version of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index in adolescents

Aim The study aims to examine the psychometric properties of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index‐Indonesian version. Background The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index has never been translated into Bahasa. Design This study employs a cross‐sectional and correlational study. Methods Data were collected from 528 adolescents of junior high school age (13–16 years) during August to September 2014. All participants agreed on the Indonesian version of Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index and Beck Depression Inventory‐II. Psychometric properties were examined including internal consistency, construct validity and known group validity, and the receiver operating characteristic curve was used to measure the cut‐off point. Results The Cronbach's alpha for the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index‐Indonesian version was adequate. There were positive correlations between the total score and seven component scores. Construct validity revealed that the total score of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index‐Indonesian version was correlated with the total score of the Indonesian version of the Beck Depression Inventory‐II. Known group validity indicated that adolescents without depression risk had better sleep quality. According to receiver operating characteristic curve analysis, the cut‐off point at a score of 6.5 indicated the best possible relationship of sensitivity and specificity. Conclusion The Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index‐Indonesian version has high reliability and validity for screening sleep quality among adolescents. SUMMARY STATEMENT What is already known about this topic? The original Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index has adequate internal consistency and favourable reliability. It is easy for patients and health‐care providers to use for interpreting sleep disturbances. What this paper adds? The results support the validity and reliability of the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index‐Indonesia in screening sleep quality among adolescents. The cutoff score for the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index‐Indonesian version for adolescents was 6.5. The implications of this paper: The cut‐off point could detect poor sleep quality among Indonesian adolescents. This simple tool is capable of quickly assessing sleep quality for health‐care providers.