Flexible and Stretchable Temperature Sensors Fabricated Using Solution‐Processable Conductive Polymer Composites
Accurate monitoring of physiological temperatures is important for the diagnosis and tracking of various medical conditions. This work presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of temperature sensors using conductive polymer composites (CPCs) patterned on both flexible and stretchable s...
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description | Accurate monitoring of physiological temperatures is important for the diagnosis and tracking of various medical conditions. This work presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of temperature sensors using conductive polymer composites (CPCs) patterned on both flexible and stretchable substrates through both drop coating and direct ink writing (DIW). These composites were formed using a high melting point biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) as the matrix and the graphenic nanomaterial reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the nanofiller (from 3 to 12 wt%), resulting in a material that exhibits a temperature‐dependent resistivity. At room temperature the composites exhibited electrical percolation behavior. Around the percolation threshold, both the carrier concentration and mobility were found to increase sharply. Sensors were fabricated by drop‐coating PHB‐rGO composites onto ink‐jet printed silver electrodes. The temperature coefficient of resistance was determined to be 0.018 /°C for pressed rGO powders and 0.008 /°C for the 3 wt% samples (the highest responsivity of all composites). Composites were found to have good selectivity to temperature with respect to pressure and moisture. Thermal mapping was demonstrated using 6 × 7 arrays of sensing elements. Stretchable devices with a meandering pattern were fabricated using DIW, demonstrating the potential for these materials in healthcare monitoring devices.
Solution‐processed conductive polymer composites (CPCs) are patterned on both flexible and stretchable substrates through both drop‐coating and direct ink writing (DIW), forming sensitive temperature sensors. The composite ink comprises a high melting point biopolymer matrix (polyhydroxybutyrate [PHB]) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanofiller (from 3 to 12 wt%), and exhibits a negative temperature coefficient of resistance. |
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Solution‐processed conductive polymer composites (CPCs) are patterned on both flexible and stretchable substrates through both drop‐coating and direct ink writing (DIW), forming sensitive temperature sensors. The composite ink comprises a high melting point biopolymer matrix (polyhydroxybutyrate [PHB]) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanofiller (from 3 to 12 wt%), and exhibits a negative temperature coefficient of resistance.</description><identifier>ISSN: 2192-2640</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2192-2659</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/adhm.202000380</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32602670</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Germany: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Biopolymers ; Carrier density ; Coated electrodes ; Conducting polymers ; conductive polymer composites ; direct ink writing ; Electric Conductivity ; Electrodes ; flexible temperature sensors ; Graphene ; Melting points ; mobility ; Monitoring ; Nanomaterials ; Percolation ; Polyhydroxybutyrate ; polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) ; Polyhydroxybutyric acid ; Polymer matrix composites ; Polymers ; reduced graphene oxide ; Room temperature ; Selectivity ; Sensors ; Silver ; Substrates ; Telemedicine ; Temperature ; Temperature dependence ; Temperature sensors ; Thermal mapping</subject><ispartof>Advanced healthcare materials, 2020-08, Vol.9 (16), p.e2000380-n/a</ispartof><rights>2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim</rights><rights>2020 The Authors. Published by WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim.</rights><rights>2020. This article is published under http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ (the “License”). Notwithstanding the ProQuest Terms and Conditions, you may use this content in accordance with the terms of the License.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><oa>free_for_read</oa><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4130-2e939440ceea9a600bfa59ba17d5c71d37a26e8be9e86d960aa4b06fe84a59d83</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4130-2e939440ceea9a600bfa59ba17d5c71d37a26e8be9e86d960aa4b06fe84a59d83</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6737-0271</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1002%2Fadhm.202000380$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1002%2Fadhm.202000380$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$Hfree_for_read</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,1417,27924,27925,45574,45575</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32602670$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Dan, Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elias, Anastasia L.</creatorcontrib><title>Flexible and Stretchable Temperature Sensors Fabricated Using Solution‐Processable Conductive Polymer Composites</title><title>Advanced healthcare materials</title><addtitle>Adv Healthc Mater</addtitle><description>Accurate monitoring of physiological temperatures is important for the diagnosis and tracking of various medical conditions. This work presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of temperature sensors using conductive polymer composites (CPCs) patterned on both flexible and stretchable substrates through both drop coating and direct ink writing (DIW). These composites were formed using a high melting point biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) as the matrix and the graphenic nanomaterial reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the nanofiller (from 3 to 12 wt%), resulting in a material that exhibits a temperature‐dependent resistivity. At room temperature the composites exhibited electrical percolation behavior. Around the percolation threshold, both the carrier concentration and mobility were found to increase sharply. Sensors were fabricated by drop‐coating PHB‐rGO composites onto ink‐jet printed silver electrodes. The temperature coefficient of resistance was determined to be 0.018 /°C for pressed rGO powders and 0.008 /°C for the 3 wt% samples (the highest responsivity of all composites). Composites were found to have good selectivity to temperature with respect to pressure and moisture. Thermal mapping was demonstrated using 6 × 7 arrays of sensing elements. Stretchable devices with a meandering pattern were fabricated using DIW, demonstrating the potential for these materials in healthcare monitoring devices.
Solution‐processed conductive polymer composites (CPCs) are patterned on both flexible and stretchable substrates through both drop‐coating and direct ink writing (DIW), forming sensitive temperature sensors. The composite ink comprises a high melting point biopolymer matrix (polyhydroxybutyrate [PHB]) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanofiller (from 3 to 12 wt%), and exhibits a negative temperature coefficient of resistance.</description><subject>Biopolymers</subject><subject>Carrier density</subject><subject>Coated electrodes</subject><subject>Conducting polymers</subject><subject>conductive polymer composites</subject><subject>direct ink writing</subject><subject>Electric Conductivity</subject><subject>Electrodes</subject><subject>flexible temperature sensors</subject><subject>Graphene</subject><subject>Melting points</subject><subject>mobility</subject><subject>Monitoring</subject><subject>Nanomaterials</subject><subject>Percolation</subject><subject>Polyhydroxybutyrate</subject><subject>polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)</subject><subject>Polyhydroxybutyric acid</subject><subject>Polymer matrix composites</subject><subject>Polymers</subject><subject>reduced graphene oxide</subject><subject>Room temperature</subject><subject>Selectivity</subject><subject>Sensors</subject><subject>Silver</subject><subject>Substrates</subject><subject>Telemedicine</subject><subject>Temperature</subject><subject>Temperature dependence</subject><subject>Temperature sensors</subject><subject>Thermal mapping</subject><issn>2192-2640</issn><issn>2192-2659</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>24P</sourceid><sourceid>WIN</sourceid><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNqF0U9LwzAYBvAgipPp1aMUvHjZfJO2aXOU6ZwwUdh2LmnyTiNtM5NW3c2P4Gf0k9i5OcGLp_zh9z6EPIQcU-hTAHYu9WPZZ8AAIExhhxwwKliP8VjsbvcRdMiR90-tAR5TntJ90gkZB8YTOCBuWOCbyQsMZKWDSe2wVo9ydZ5iuUAn68ZhMMHKW-eDocydUbJGHcy8qR6CiS2a2tjq8_3j3lmF3n_PDmylG1WbFwzubbEs0bVX5cJ6U6M_JHtzWXg82qxdMhteTQej3vju-mZwMe6piIbQYyhCEUWgEKWQHCCfy1jkkiY6VgnVYSIZxzRHgSnXgoOUUQ58jmnUOp2GXXK2zl04-9ygr7PSeIVFISu0jc9YRAWkIqYrevqHPtnGVe3rWhXGkFKe0Fb110o5673DebZwppRumVHIVoVkq0KybSHtwMkmtslL1Fv-8_0tEGvwagpc_hOXXVyObn_DvwCSZJl8</recordid><startdate>20200801</startdate><enddate>20200801</enddate><creator>Dan, Li</creator><creator>Elias, Anastasia L.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>24P</scope><scope>WIN</scope><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7QF</scope><scope>7QP</scope><scope>7QQ</scope><scope>7SC</scope><scope>7SE</scope><scope>7SP</scope><scope>7SR</scope><scope>7T5</scope><scope>7TA</scope><scope>7TB</scope><scope>7TM</scope><scope>7TO</scope><scope>7U5</scope><scope>8BQ</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>F28</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>H8D</scope><scope>H8G</scope><scope>H94</scope><scope>JG9</scope><scope>JQ2</scope><scope>K9.</scope><scope>KR7</scope><scope>L7M</scope><scope>L~C</scope><scope>L~D</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-0271</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>20200801</creationdate><title>Flexible and Stretchable Temperature Sensors Fabricated Using Solution‐Processable Conductive Polymer Composites</title><author>Dan, Li ; Elias, Anastasia L.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4130-2e939440ceea9a600bfa59ba17d5c71d37a26e8be9e86d960aa4b06fe84a59d83</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Biopolymers</topic><topic>Carrier density</topic><topic>Coated electrodes</topic><topic>Conducting polymers</topic><topic>conductive polymer composites</topic><topic>direct ink writing</topic><topic>Electric Conductivity</topic><topic>Electrodes</topic><topic>flexible temperature sensors</topic><topic>Graphene</topic><topic>Melting points</topic><topic>mobility</topic><topic>Monitoring</topic><topic>Nanomaterials</topic><topic>Percolation</topic><topic>Polyhydroxybutyrate</topic><topic>polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB)</topic><topic>Polyhydroxybutyric acid</topic><topic>Polymer matrix composites</topic><topic>Polymers</topic><topic>reduced graphene oxide</topic><topic>Room temperature</topic><topic>Selectivity</topic><topic>Sensors</topic><topic>Silver</topic><topic>Substrates</topic><topic>Telemedicine</topic><topic>Temperature</topic><topic>Temperature dependence</topic><topic>Temperature sensors</topic><topic>Thermal mapping</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Dan, Li</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Elias, Anastasia L.</creatorcontrib><collection>Wiley Online Library (Open Access Collection)</collection><collection>Wiley Online Library Free Content</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Aluminium Industry Abstracts</collection><collection>Calcium & Calcified Tissue Abstracts</collection><collection>Ceramic Abstracts</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts</collection><collection>Corrosion Abstracts</collection><collection>Electronics & Communications Abstracts</collection><collection>Engineered Materials Abstracts</collection><collection>Immunology Abstracts</collection><collection>Materials Business File</collection><collection>Mechanical & Transportation Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Nucleic Acids Abstracts</collection><collection>Oncogenes and Growth Factors Abstracts</collection><collection>Solid State and Superconductivity Abstracts</collection><collection>METADEX</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>ANTE: Abstracts in New Technology & Engineering</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Aerospace Database</collection><collection>Copper Technical Reference Library</collection><collection>AIDS and Cancer Research Abstracts</collection><collection>Materials Research Database</collection><collection>ProQuest Computer Science Collection</collection><collection>ProQuest Health & Medical Complete (Alumni)</collection><collection>Civil Engineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Advanced Technologies Database with Aerospace</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Academic</collection><collection>Computer and Information Systems Abstracts Professional</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Advanced healthcare materials</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Dan, Li</au><au>Elias, Anastasia L.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Flexible and Stretchable Temperature Sensors Fabricated Using Solution‐Processable Conductive Polymer Composites</atitle><jtitle>Advanced healthcare materials</jtitle><addtitle>Adv Healthc Mater</addtitle><date>2020-08-01</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>9</volume><issue>16</issue><spage>e2000380</spage><epage>n/a</epage><pages>e2000380-n/a</pages><issn>2192-2640</issn><eissn>2192-2659</eissn><abstract>Accurate monitoring of physiological temperatures is important for the diagnosis and tracking of various medical conditions. This work presents the design, fabrication, and characterization of temperature sensors using conductive polymer composites (CPCs) patterned on both flexible and stretchable substrates through both drop coating and direct ink writing (DIW). These composites were formed using a high melting point biopolymer polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) as the matrix and the graphenic nanomaterial reduced graphene oxide (rGO) as the nanofiller (from 3 to 12 wt%), resulting in a material that exhibits a temperature‐dependent resistivity. At room temperature the composites exhibited electrical percolation behavior. Around the percolation threshold, both the carrier concentration and mobility were found to increase sharply. Sensors were fabricated by drop‐coating PHB‐rGO composites onto ink‐jet printed silver electrodes. The temperature coefficient of resistance was determined to be 0.018 /°C for pressed rGO powders and 0.008 /°C for the 3 wt% samples (the highest responsivity of all composites). Composites were found to have good selectivity to temperature with respect to pressure and moisture. Thermal mapping was demonstrated using 6 × 7 arrays of sensing elements. Stretchable devices with a meandering pattern were fabricated using DIW, demonstrating the potential for these materials in healthcare monitoring devices.
Solution‐processed conductive polymer composites (CPCs) are patterned on both flexible and stretchable substrates through both drop‐coating and direct ink writing (DIW), forming sensitive temperature sensors. The composite ink comprises a high melting point biopolymer matrix (polyhydroxybutyrate [PHB]) and reduced graphene oxide (rGO) nanofiller (from 3 to 12 wt%), and exhibits a negative temperature coefficient of resistance.</abstract><cop>Germany</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>32602670</pmid><doi>10.1002/adhm.202000380</doi><tpages>13</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6737-0271</orcidid><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record> |
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subjects | Biopolymers Carrier density Coated electrodes Conducting polymers conductive polymer composites direct ink writing Electric Conductivity Electrodes flexible temperature sensors Graphene Melting points mobility Monitoring Nanomaterials Percolation Polyhydroxybutyrate polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) Polyhydroxybutyric acid Polymer matrix composites Polymers reduced graphene oxide Room temperature Selectivity Sensors Silver Substrates Telemedicine Temperature Temperature dependence Temperature sensors Thermal mapping |
title | Flexible and Stretchable Temperature Sensors Fabricated Using Solution‐Processable Conductive Polymer Composites |
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