The Role of the TL1A/DR3 Axis in the Activation of Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in Subjects with Eosinophilic Asthma

Machida et al discuss their study on the role of the TL1A/DR3 axis in the activation of group 2 innate lymphoid cells in subjects with eosinophilic asthma. The study involved subjects with mild asthma who were subject to allergen inhalation challenge, and DR3 expression on sputum cells was assessed. They investigated cytokine regulation of DR3 expression on ILC2s and steroid sensitivity. Airway TL1A was assessed in sputum from subjects with mild asthma and subjects with prednisone-dependent severe eosinophilic asthma. The results revealed that the TL1A/DR3 axis is a costimulator of ILC2s in asthma, particularly in the airways of patients with a predisposition to autoimmune responses.