Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analyses of encapsulated stable perovskite solar cells

Although perovskite solar cells (PSC's) have produced remarkable energy conversion efficiencies, their underperforming durability is the key challenge for the technology to be commercially viable. In this work, for the first time, we use gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to reveal signature volatile products of the decomposition of organic hybrid perovskites under thermal stress. In addition, we are able to use GC-MS to confirm that a low-cost polymer/glass stack pressure-tight encapsulation is effective in supressing such outgassing. Using such encapsulation scheme, CH NH (MA) containing multi-cation multi-halide perovskite solar cells survived more than 1800 hours of Damp Heat test and 75 cycles of Humidity Freeze test exceeding the requirement of IEC61215:2016 standard for the first time.