Non-oscillatory micromotors "learn" to oscillate on-the-fly from oscillating Ag micromotors

The ability to learn new functionalities on-the-fly is highly desired for micromotors operating in a changing environment. Here, we demonstrate how non-oscillatory micromotors transform into spontaneous oscillators, superficially resembling students learning from teachers, via the diffusion then deposition of Ag ions that act as a speed-booster that periodically turns on. Oscillating Ag-containing micromotors release silver ions that diffuse and deposit on the surface of Au-Rh microrods, which then learn to oscillate individually or collectively as a wave.