Cirrhotic cardiomyopathy

The presence of cardiocirculatory dysfunction in liver cirrhosis has been described since 1960 and it was exclusively attributed to alcoholic cardiomyopathie. Only in the last two decades, the term of cirrhotic cardiomyopathy (CCM) was introduced to describe cardiac dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis. This entity is currently underdiagnosed because the disease is usually latent and manifests when the patient is under stress. However, overt cardiac failure has been described after transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shun and liver transplantation. The diagnosis of CCM is still difficult to determine because of the lack of specific diagnosis tools. CCM is characterized by systolic dysfunction, diastolic dysfunction and electrophysiological abnormalities. At present, there is no specific treatment outside liver transplantation in the light of increased mortality and postoperative complications.Our review provides an overview of CCM, its definition, prevalence, pathogenic mechanisms, clinical presentation, various explorations and management in light of the most recent published literature.