Risky decision-making in individuals with substance use disorder: A meta-analysis and meta-regression review

Background This review aims to identify whether risky decision-making is increased in substance users, and the impact of substance type, polysubstance use status, abstinence period, and treatment status on risky decision-making. Methods A literature search with no date restrictions was conducted to identify case-control studies or cross-sectional studies that used behavioral tasks to measure risky decision-making in substance users. A random-effects model was performed. GRADE criteria was used to assess the quality of evidence. Results 52 studies were enrolled. The result showed that the difference in risky decision-making performance between user groups and control groups was significant (SMD = − 0.590; 95%CI = − 0.849 to − 0.330; p