Association of genetic and epigenetic variants in one-carbon metabolism gene with folate treatment response in hyperhomocysteinaemia

Background Folate supplementation treatment is the first-line therapy in hyperhomocysteinaemia (HHcy). Up to 40% of HHcy patients do not benefit from folate therapy. Genetic and epigenetic factors of one-carbon metabolism (1-CM) might be identified as a predictor of folate supplementation treatment response. In the present study, we attempt to identify whether genetic and epigenetic factors might predict folate treatment response. Methods A total of 230 patients with HHcy were involved in this prospective cohort study. Differences between baseline concentrations and concentrations obtained at 90 days of treatment were calculated to evaluate the treatment response. General linear models and Pearson correlation was used to explore associations among single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), DNA methylation, and folate treatment response. Finally, mediation analysis was performed to investigate whether DNA methylation of MTRR mediates the association between SNPs and treatment response. Results MTHFD rs1950902 and MTRR rs162036, rs1801394 was associated with the folate treatment response ( P = 0.000, 0.048, and 0.043, respectively). CBS and CBS_2 DNA methylation was significantly associated with folate treatment response ( P = 0.0009 and