Gut dysbiosis and multiple sclerosis

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) and T cell-mediated autoimmune processes are assumed to be involved in its pathogenesis. Recently, accumulating evidence has indicated that commensal bacteria interact with the host immune system and that the alteration of commensal bacteria composition, termed dysbiosis, is associated with various autoimmune diseases including CNS autoimmune diseases. In this review, we introduce recent findings regarding the association between gut microbiota and MS and related diseases and microbiota function in an animal model of MS. •Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an inflammatory disease of the central nervous system.•Many studies revealed gut dysbiosis in MS patients.•Animal studies revealed the association between gut microbiota and MS pathogenesis.•Metabolites of microbiota affect the resident cells in the central nervous system.•Further analysis is needed to elucidate the interaction between dysbiosis and MS.