Intracranial Pressure Monitoring-Aided Management Associated with Favorable Outcomes in Patients with Hypertension-Related Spontaneous Intracerebral Hemorrhage

To investigate the effect of intracranial pressure (ICP) monitoring on the functional outcome of patients with hypertension-related spontaneous intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH). We included 196 patients with Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) scores of 3–12 in this observational study, of which 103 underwent ICP monitors. Binary and ordinal regression analyses were used to estimate the effect of ICP monitoring on the functional outcome. The rate of adverse events, blood pressure control, and length of hospitalization were compared between the two groups. ICP monitoring had a significant impact on the clinical outcome of patients by shifting the Extended Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS-E) scores in a favorable direction ( p = 0.027) and reducing mortality at discharge ( p = 0.004) and 6 months later ( p = 0.02). The rate of favorable outcome at 6 months was higher in the ICP-monitored group ( p = 0.03). However, subgroup analysis showed that no relationship between ICP monitoring and clinical outcome was found for patients with GCS scores of 3–8. For patients with GCS scores of 9–12, the distribution of GOS-E scores at 6 months shifted in a favorable direction in the ICP-monitored group ( p = 0.001). The rate of favorable outcome at 6 months was higher in the ICP-monitored group ( p = 0.01). The mortality at discharge and 6 months later was also lower in the ICP-monitored group. Thus, our study supports the value of ICP monitoring in hypertension-related ICH patients with GCS scores of 3–12, especially those with GCS scores of 9–12.