Editoral commentary: Atrial fibrillation: The road to sinus starts at the ear

In the current issue of Trends in Cardiovascular Medicine, Sohinki and Stavrakis [6] reviewed emerging neuromodulation therapies for AF including low level tragal stimulation, low-level electromagnetic field stimulation, renal denervation, and baroreceptor activation therapy along with the evidence supporting their roles. [...]a significant amount of work will be required to understand its effects, side effects, and improve delivery methods before it can be thought of as clinically useful. Additionally, the invasive nature of this therapy makes it potentially impractical unless its efficacy can be shown to be superior to AF catheter ablation with a better safety profile, or if such therapies can be incorporated into existing pacemakers/cardioverter-defibrillators.