Evaluation of radix entomolaris in mandibular first and second molars using cone-beam computed tomography and review of the literature

Objectives The aim of the present study is to identify the prevalence of radix entomolaris in mandibular first and second molars and to determine morphological classifications and associations with other root and canals. Methods Mandibular first and second molar teeth of 850 Turkish patients were evaluated using cone-beam computed tomography. A total of 2800 mandibular first molars and second molars were screened. The CBCT examination was performed at five different axial levels. The prevalence of total radix entomolaris, unilateral–bilateral, right–left side and gender distributions, and the classification of radix entomolaris’s canal configurations were measured. Results Radix entomolaris was found in 2.9% ( n = 25) of the patients and 1.2% ( n = 34) of the teeth. The prevalence of radix entomolaris in mandibular first molars was higher than in mandibular second molars ( p