The protective potential of Fc‐mediated antibody functions against influenza virus and other viral pathogens

In recent years, there has been a renewed interest in utilizing antibody fragment crystallizable (Fc) functions to prevent and control viral infections. The protective and therapeutic potential of Fc‐mediated antibody functions have been assessed for some clinically important human viruses, including HIV, hemorrhagic fever viruses and influenza virus. There is mounting evidence that influenza‐specific antibodies with Fc‐mediated functions, such as antibody‐dependent cellular cytotoxicity and antibody‐dependent phagocytosis, can aid in the clearance of influenza virus infection. Recent influenza challenge studies and intravenous immunoglobulin G therapy studies in humans suggest a protective role for Fc effector functions in vivo. Broadly reactive influenza antibodies with Fc‐mediated functions are prevalent in the human population and could inform the development of a universally protective influenza vaccine or therapy. In this review, we explore the utility of antibodies with Fc‐mediated effector functions against viral infections with a focus on influenza virus. The antibody fragment crystallizable (Fc) region has significant potential for use in the development of novel immunotherapies and vaccines targeting clinically relevant viruses. Recent studies have illustrated that Fc‐mediated effector functions, in addition to direct neutralization, are required for protection against influenza virus infection. In this review, we explore the utility of antibodies with Fc‐mediated effector functions against viral infections with a focus on influenza virus.