Poor sleep quality associates with self‐reported psychiatric and cardiometabolic symptoms independently of sleep timing patterns in a large sample of rural and urban workers

Summary Poor sleep associates with mental and cardiometabolic pathological outcomes. The participation of sleep timing features in the pathways by which this relationship occurs is not clear. This study aims to evaluate the interrelationship between sleep quality and self‐reported psychiatric/cardiometabolic symptoms, considering mediation and moderation effects of sleep timing patterns, and urban versus rural work environment, respectively; and to verify the association between sleep quality and polymorphisms of AANAT, RORA and TIMELESS genes. An epidemiological survey was performed in a rural area in southern Brazil. Eight‐hundred and twenty‐nine subjects were evaluated for sleep quality using the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and sleep timing patterns using the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire. Work characteristics and psychiatric/cardiometabolic symptoms were assessed using a structured self‐report questionnaire. Three polymorphisms of AANAT, RORA and TIMELESS (rs3760138, rs782931 and rs774045, respectively) were genotyped in blood samples. We found statistically significant associations of poor sleep quality with self‐reported psychiatric symptoms (B = 0.382; 95% CI 0.289–0.476; adjusted p‐value