Synthesis of bifunctional cabbage flower–like Ho3+/NiO nanostructures as a modifier for simultaneous determination of methotrexate and carbamazepine

Cabbage flower–like Ho 3+ /NiO nanostructure (CFL-Ho 3+ /NiO NSs) with significant electrocatalytic oxidation has been published for the first time. First, structure and morphology of CFL-Ho 3+ /NiO-NSs have been described by XRD, SEM, and EDX methods. Then, CFL-Ho 3+ /NiO-NSs have been applied as a modifier for simultaneous electrochemical detection of methotrexate (MTX) and carbamazepine (CBZ). Functions of the modified electrode have been dealt with through electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS). It has been demonstrated that the electrode response has been linear from 0.001–310.0 μM with a limit of detection of 5.2 nM and 4.5 nM (3 s/m) through DPV for MTX and CBZ. Diffusion coefficient ( D ) and heterogeneous rate constant ( k h ) have been detected for MTX and CBZ oxidation at the surface of the modified electrode. Moreover, CFL-Ho 3+ /NiO-NS/GCE has been employed for determining MTX and CBZ in urine and drug specimens. Outputs showed the analyte acceptable recovery. Therefore, the electrode could be applied to analyze both analytes in drug prescription and clinical laboratories. Graphical abstract Electrochemical sensor based on bifunctional cabbage flower–like Ho 3+ /NiO nanostructures modified glassy carbon electrode for simultaneous detecting methotrexate and carbamazepine was fabricated