Peculiarities of the melt growth of metal single crystals with specified crystal-geometric and structural parameters

This paper describes the authors' modifications of Kapitza and Bridgman apparatus and growth methods of metal single crystals with specified crystal geometric and structural parameters. The effects associated with defect formation are discussed. The features of the effects in their relation to the crystal lattice types and crystallographic orientation are indicated. It is concluded that one of the main factors responsible for the defect formation during single crystal growth in the mould is strain. This is due to thermomechanical stresses arising during the crystal growth and cooling to room temperature, from the difference in thermal expansion coefficients of the crystal and mould materials.