Association of missense variants in GDF9 with litter size in Entlebucher Mountain dogs

Summary In the past two decades, average litter size (ALS) in Entlebucher Mountain dogs decreased by approximately 0.8 puppies. We conducted a GWAS for ALS using the single‐step methodology to take advantage of 1632 pedigree records, 892 phenotypes and 372 genotypes (173 662 markers) for which only...

Ausführliche Beschreibung

Gespeichert in:
Bibliographische Detailangaben
Veröffentlicht in:Animal genetics 2020-02, Vol.51 (1), p.78-86
Hauptverfasser: Torrecilha, R. B. P., Milanesi, M., Gallana, M., Falbo, A.‐K., Reichler, I. M., Hug, P., Jagannathan, V., Trigo, B. B., Paulan, S. C., Bruno, D. B., Garcia, S. D., Scaramele, N. F., Lopes, F. L., Dolf, G., Leeb, T., Sölkner, J., Garcia, J. F., Pieńkowska‐Schelling, A., Schelling, C., Utsunomiya, Y. T.
Format: Artikel
Sprache:eng
Schlagworte:
Online-Zugang:Volltext
Tags: Tag hinzufügen
Keine Tags, Fügen Sie den ersten Tag hinzu!
container_end_page 86
container_issue 1
container_start_page 78
container_title Animal genetics
container_volume 51
creator Torrecilha, R. B. P.
Milanesi, M.
Gallana, M.
Falbo, A.‐K.
Reichler, I. M.
Hug, P.
Jagannathan, V.
Trigo, B. B.
Paulan, S. C.
Bruno, D. B.
Garcia, S. D.
Scaramele, N. F.
Lopes, F. L.
Dolf, G.
Leeb, T.
Sölkner, J.
Garcia, J. F.
Pieńkowska‐Schelling, A.
Schelling, C.
Utsunomiya, Y. T.
description Summary In the past two decades, average litter size (ALS) in Entlebucher Mountain dogs decreased by approximately 0.8 puppies. We conducted a GWAS for ALS using the single‐step methodology to take advantage of 1632 pedigree records, 892 phenotypes and 372 genotypes (173 662 markers) for which only 12% of the dogs had both phenotypes and genotypes available. Our analysis revealed associations towards the growth differentiation factor 9 gene (GDF9), which is known to regulate oocyte maturation. The trait heritability was estimated at 43.1%, from which approximately 15% was accountable by the GDF9 locus alone. Therefore, markers flanking GDF9 explained approximately 6.5% of the variance in ALS. Analysis of WGSs revealed two missense substitutions in GDF9, one of which (g.11:21147009G>A) affected a highly conserved nucleotide in vertebrates. The derived allele A was validated in 111 dogs and shown to be associated with decreased ALS (−0.75 ± 0.22 puppies per litter). The variant was further predicted to cause a proline to serine substitution. The affected residue was immediately followed by a six‐residue deletion that is fixed in the canine species but absent in non‐canids. We further confirmed that the deletion is prevalent in the Canidae family by sequencing three species of wild canids. Since canids uniquely ovulate oocytes at the prophase stage of the first meiotic division, requiring maturation in the oviduct, we conjecture that the amino acid substitution and the six‐residue deletion of GDF9 may serve as a model for insights into the dynamics of oocyte maturation in canids.
doi_str_mv 10.1111/age.12882
format Article
fullrecord <record><control><sourceid>proquest_cross</sourceid><recordid>TN_cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2322142942</recordid><sourceformat>XML</sourceformat><sourcesystem>PC</sourcesystem><sourcerecordid>2322142942</sourcerecordid><originalsourceid>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3532-a18ef1ccb2e90a2fead557a98dda403f41951f3e4f7b257b65fd5fcabd9a0eee3</originalsourceid><addsrcrecordid>eNp10E9PwjAYBvDGaATRg1_ALPGih0H7dt2fI0FAE40X9bp021soGSuumwQ_vcWhBxN7afL2lyd9H0IuGR0yd0ZygUMGcQxHpM94KHygAo5Jn0IY-wkLwh45s3ZFKY1ZxE5Jj7OYgoCgT97G1ppcy0abyjPKW2trsbLofchay6qxnq68-d0s8ba6WXqlbhqsPas_cf8wrZoSszZfutmTaatGumFhFvacnChZWrw43APyOpu-TO79x-f5w2T86OdccPAli1GxPM8AEypBoSyEiGQSF4UMKFcBSwRTHAMVZSCiLBSqECqXWZFIioh8QG663E1t3lu0TeoWyLEsZYWmtSlwABZAEoCj13_oyrR15X7nFA_CkEJCnbrtVF4ba2tU6abWa1nvUkbTfdmpKzv9LtvZq0Nim62x-JU_7Tow6sBWl7j7Pykdz6dd5Bf3ioip</addsrcrecordid><sourcetype>Aggregation Database</sourcetype><iscdi>true</iscdi><recordtype>article</recordtype><pqid>2334660290</pqid></control><display><type>article</type><title>Association of missense variants in GDF9 with litter size in Entlebucher Mountain dogs</title><source>MEDLINE</source><source>Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete</source><creator>Torrecilha, R. B. P. ; Milanesi, M. ; Gallana, M. ; Falbo, A.‐K. ; Reichler, I. M. ; Hug, P. ; Jagannathan, V. ; Trigo, B. B. ; Paulan, S. C. ; Bruno, D. B. ; Garcia, S. D. ; Scaramele, N. F. ; Lopes, F. L. ; Dolf, G. ; Leeb, T. ; Sölkner, J. ; Garcia, J. F. ; Pieńkowska‐Schelling, A. ; Schelling, C. ; Utsunomiya, Y. T.</creator><creatorcontrib>Torrecilha, R. B. P. ; Milanesi, M. ; Gallana, M. ; Falbo, A.‐K. ; Reichler, I. M. ; Hug, P. ; Jagannathan, V. ; Trigo, B. B. ; Paulan, S. C. ; Bruno, D. B. ; Garcia, S. D. ; Scaramele, N. F. ; Lopes, F. L. ; Dolf, G. ; Leeb, T. ; Sölkner, J. ; Garcia, J. F. ; Pieńkowska‐Schelling, A. ; Schelling, C. ; Utsunomiya, Y. T.</creatorcontrib><description>Summary In the past two decades, average litter size (ALS) in Entlebucher Mountain dogs decreased by approximately 0.8 puppies. We conducted a GWAS for ALS using the single‐step methodology to take advantage of 1632 pedigree records, 892 phenotypes and 372 genotypes (173 662 markers) for which only 12% of the dogs had both phenotypes and genotypes available. Our analysis revealed associations towards the growth differentiation factor 9 gene (GDF9), which is known to regulate oocyte maturation. The trait heritability was estimated at 43.1%, from which approximately 15% was accountable by the GDF9 locus alone. Therefore, markers flanking GDF9 explained approximately 6.5% of the variance in ALS. Analysis of WGSs revealed two missense substitutions in GDF9, one of which (g.11:21147009G&gt;A) affected a highly conserved nucleotide in vertebrates. The derived allele A was validated in 111 dogs and shown to be associated with decreased ALS (−0.75 ± 0.22 puppies per litter). The variant was further predicted to cause a proline to serine substitution. The affected residue was immediately followed by a six‐residue deletion that is fixed in the canine species but absent in non‐canids. We further confirmed that the deletion is prevalent in the Canidae family by sequencing three species of wild canids. Since canids uniquely ovulate oocytes at the prophase stage of the first meiotic division, requiring maturation in the oviduct, we conjecture that the amino acid substitution and the six‐residue deletion of GDF9 may serve as a model for insights into the dynamics of oocyte maturation in canids.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0268-9146</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1365-2052</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1111/age.12882</identifier><identifier>PMID: 31802524</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</publisher><subject>Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino acid substitution ; Amino acids ; Animals ; Breeding ; Canidae ; Canis lupus familiaris ; Deletion ; Dogs ; Dogs - genetics ; Female ; Gametocytes ; Genetic Association Studies - veterinary ; Genotype ; Genotypes ; Growth differentiation factor 9 ; Growth Differentiation Factor 9 - genetics ; Heritability ; Litter size ; Litter Size - genetics ; Male ; Markers ; Maturation ; Meiosis ; Mountains ; multiple ovulation ; Mutation, Missense ; Nucleotides ; number of offspring ; Oocytes ; Oviduct ; Pedigree ; Phenotype ; Phenotypes ; Proline ; Prophase ; Serine ; single nucleotide polymorphism ; single‐step genomic best linear unbiased prediction ; Substitutes ; Variance analysis ; Vertebrates</subject><ispartof>Animal genetics, 2020-02, Vol.51 (1), p.78-86</ispartof><rights>2019 Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics</rights><rights>2019 Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics.</rights><rights>Copyright © 2020 Stichting International Foundation for Animal Genetics</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3532-a18ef1ccb2e90a2fead557a98dda403f41951f3e4f7b257b65fd5fcabd9a0eee3</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c3532-a18ef1ccb2e90a2fead557a98dda403f41951f3e4f7b257b65fd5fcabd9a0eee3</cites></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><linktopdf>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/pdf/10.1111%2Fage.12882$$EPDF$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktopdf><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/full/10.1111%2Fage.12882$$EHTML$$P50$$Gwiley$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,776,780,1411,27901,27902,45550,45551</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/31802524$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Torrecilha, R. B. P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milanesi, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gallana, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Falbo, A.‐K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reichler, I. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hug, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jagannathan, V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trigo, B. B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paulan, S. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bruno, D. B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia, S. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scaramele, N. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lopes, F. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dolf, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leeb, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sölkner, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia, J. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pieńkowska‐Schelling, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schelling, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Utsunomiya, Y. T.</creatorcontrib><title>Association of missense variants in GDF9 with litter size in Entlebucher Mountain dogs</title><title>Animal genetics</title><addtitle>Anim Genet</addtitle><description>Summary In the past two decades, average litter size (ALS) in Entlebucher Mountain dogs decreased by approximately 0.8 puppies. We conducted a GWAS for ALS using the single‐step methodology to take advantage of 1632 pedigree records, 892 phenotypes and 372 genotypes (173 662 markers) for which only 12% of the dogs had both phenotypes and genotypes available. Our analysis revealed associations towards the growth differentiation factor 9 gene (GDF9), which is known to regulate oocyte maturation. The trait heritability was estimated at 43.1%, from which approximately 15% was accountable by the GDF9 locus alone. Therefore, markers flanking GDF9 explained approximately 6.5% of the variance in ALS. Analysis of WGSs revealed two missense substitutions in GDF9, one of which (g.11:21147009G&gt;A) affected a highly conserved nucleotide in vertebrates. The derived allele A was validated in 111 dogs and shown to be associated with decreased ALS (−0.75 ± 0.22 puppies per litter). The variant was further predicted to cause a proline to serine substitution. The affected residue was immediately followed by a six‐residue deletion that is fixed in the canine species but absent in non‐canids. We further confirmed that the deletion is prevalent in the Canidae family by sequencing three species of wild canids. Since canids uniquely ovulate oocytes at the prophase stage of the first meiotic division, requiring maturation in the oviduct, we conjecture that the amino acid substitution and the six‐residue deletion of GDF9 may serve as a model for insights into the dynamics of oocyte maturation in canids.</description><subject>Amino Acid Sequence</subject><subject>Amino acid substitution</subject><subject>Amino acids</subject><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Breeding</subject><subject>Canidae</subject><subject>Canis lupus familiaris</subject><subject>Deletion</subject><subject>Dogs</subject><subject>Dogs - genetics</subject><subject>Female</subject><subject>Gametocytes</subject><subject>Genetic Association Studies - veterinary</subject><subject>Genotype</subject><subject>Genotypes</subject><subject>Growth differentiation factor 9</subject><subject>Growth Differentiation Factor 9 - genetics</subject><subject>Heritability</subject><subject>Litter size</subject><subject>Litter Size - genetics</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Markers</subject><subject>Maturation</subject><subject>Meiosis</subject><subject>Mountains</subject><subject>multiple ovulation</subject><subject>Mutation, Missense</subject><subject>Nucleotides</subject><subject>number of offspring</subject><subject>Oocytes</subject><subject>Oviduct</subject><subject>Pedigree</subject><subject>Phenotype</subject><subject>Phenotypes</subject><subject>Proline</subject><subject>Prophase</subject><subject>Serine</subject><subject>single nucleotide polymorphism</subject><subject>single‐step genomic best linear unbiased prediction</subject><subject>Substitutes</subject><subject>Variance analysis</subject><subject>Vertebrates</subject><issn>0268-9146</issn><issn>1365-2052</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2020</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><sourceid>EIF</sourceid><recordid>eNp10E9PwjAYBvDGaATRg1_ALPGih0H7dt2fI0FAE40X9bp021soGSuumwQ_vcWhBxN7afL2lyd9H0IuGR0yd0ZygUMGcQxHpM94KHygAo5Jn0IY-wkLwh45s3ZFKY1ZxE5Jj7OYgoCgT97G1ppcy0abyjPKW2trsbLofchay6qxnq68-d0s8ba6WXqlbhqsPas_cf8wrZoSszZfutmTaatGumFhFvacnChZWrw43APyOpu-TO79x-f5w2T86OdccPAli1GxPM8AEypBoSyEiGQSF4UMKFcBSwRTHAMVZSCiLBSqECqXWZFIioh8QG663E1t3lu0TeoWyLEsZYWmtSlwABZAEoCj13_oyrR15X7nFA_CkEJCnbrtVF4ba2tU6abWa1nvUkbTfdmpKzv9LtvZq0Nim62x-JU_7Tow6sBWl7j7Pykdz6dd5Bf3ioip</recordid><startdate>202002</startdate><enddate>202002</enddate><creator>Torrecilha, R. B. P.</creator><creator>Milanesi, M.</creator><creator>Gallana, M.</creator><creator>Falbo, A.‐K.</creator><creator>Reichler, I. M.</creator><creator>Hug, P.</creator><creator>Jagannathan, V.</creator><creator>Trigo, B. B.</creator><creator>Paulan, S. C.</creator><creator>Bruno, D. B.</creator><creator>Garcia, S. D.</creator><creator>Scaramele, N. F.</creator><creator>Lopes, F. L.</creator><creator>Dolf, G.</creator><creator>Leeb, T.</creator><creator>Sölkner, J.</creator><creator>Garcia, J. F.</creator><creator>Pieńkowska‐Schelling, A.</creator><creator>Schelling, C.</creator><creator>Utsunomiya, Y. T.</creator><general>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7TK</scope><scope>7U7</scope><scope>8FD</scope><scope>C1K</scope><scope>FR3</scope><scope>P64</scope><scope>RC3</scope><scope>7X8</scope></search><sort><creationdate>202002</creationdate><title>Association of missense variants in GDF9 with litter size in Entlebucher Mountain dogs</title><author>Torrecilha, R. B. P. ; Milanesi, M. ; Gallana, M. ; Falbo, A.‐K. ; Reichler, I. M. ; Hug, P. ; Jagannathan, V. ; Trigo, B. B. ; Paulan, S. C. ; Bruno, D. B. ; Garcia, S. D. ; Scaramele, N. F. ; Lopes, F. L. ; Dolf, G. ; Leeb, T. ; Sölkner, J. ; Garcia, J. F. ; Pieńkowska‐Schelling, A. ; Schelling, C. ; Utsunomiya, Y. T.</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c3532-a18ef1ccb2e90a2fead557a98dda403f41951f3e4f7b257b65fd5fcabd9a0eee3</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2020</creationdate><topic>Amino Acid Sequence</topic><topic>Amino acid substitution</topic><topic>Amino acids</topic><topic>Animals</topic><topic>Breeding</topic><topic>Canidae</topic><topic>Canis lupus familiaris</topic><topic>Deletion</topic><topic>Dogs</topic><topic>Dogs - genetics</topic><topic>Female</topic><topic>Gametocytes</topic><topic>Genetic Association Studies - veterinary</topic><topic>Genotype</topic><topic>Genotypes</topic><topic>Growth differentiation factor 9</topic><topic>Growth Differentiation Factor 9 - genetics</topic><topic>Heritability</topic><topic>Litter size</topic><topic>Litter Size - genetics</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Markers</topic><topic>Maturation</topic><topic>Meiosis</topic><topic>Mountains</topic><topic>multiple ovulation</topic><topic>Mutation, Missense</topic><topic>Nucleotides</topic><topic>number of offspring</topic><topic>Oocytes</topic><topic>Oviduct</topic><topic>Pedigree</topic><topic>Phenotype</topic><topic>Phenotypes</topic><topic>Proline</topic><topic>Prophase</topic><topic>Serine</topic><topic>single nucleotide polymorphism</topic><topic>single‐step genomic best linear unbiased prediction</topic><topic>Substitutes</topic><topic>Variance analysis</topic><topic>Vertebrates</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Torrecilha, R. B. P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Milanesi, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Gallana, M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Falbo, A.‐K.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Reichler, I. M.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Hug, P.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Jagannathan, V.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Trigo, B. B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Paulan, S. C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bruno, D. B.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia, S. D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Scaramele, N. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Lopes, F. L.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Dolf, G.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Leeb, T.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Sölkner, J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Garcia, J. F.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Pieńkowska‐Schelling, A.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schelling, C.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Utsunomiya, Y. T.</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Neurosciences Abstracts</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Genetics Abstracts</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>Animal genetics</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Torrecilha, R. B. P.</au><au>Milanesi, M.</au><au>Gallana, M.</au><au>Falbo, A.‐K.</au><au>Reichler, I. M.</au><au>Hug, P.</au><au>Jagannathan, V.</au><au>Trigo, B. B.</au><au>Paulan, S. C.</au><au>Bruno, D. B.</au><au>Garcia, S. D.</au><au>Scaramele, N. F.</au><au>Lopes, F. L.</au><au>Dolf, G.</au><au>Leeb, T.</au><au>Sölkner, J.</au><au>Garcia, J. F.</au><au>Pieńkowska‐Schelling, A.</au><au>Schelling, C.</au><au>Utsunomiya, Y. T.</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Association of missense variants in GDF9 with litter size in Entlebucher Mountain dogs</atitle><jtitle>Animal genetics</jtitle><addtitle>Anim Genet</addtitle><date>2020-02</date><risdate>2020</risdate><volume>51</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>78</spage><epage>86</epage><pages>78-86</pages><issn>0268-9146</issn><eissn>1365-2052</eissn><abstract>Summary In the past two decades, average litter size (ALS) in Entlebucher Mountain dogs decreased by approximately 0.8 puppies. We conducted a GWAS for ALS using the single‐step methodology to take advantage of 1632 pedigree records, 892 phenotypes and 372 genotypes (173 662 markers) for which only 12% of the dogs had both phenotypes and genotypes available. Our analysis revealed associations towards the growth differentiation factor 9 gene (GDF9), which is known to regulate oocyte maturation. The trait heritability was estimated at 43.1%, from which approximately 15% was accountable by the GDF9 locus alone. Therefore, markers flanking GDF9 explained approximately 6.5% of the variance in ALS. Analysis of WGSs revealed two missense substitutions in GDF9, one of which (g.11:21147009G&gt;A) affected a highly conserved nucleotide in vertebrates. The derived allele A was validated in 111 dogs and shown to be associated with decreased ALS (−0.75 ± 0.22 puppies per litter). The variant was further predicted to cause a proline to serine substitution. The affected residue was immediately followed by a six‐residue deletion that is fixed in the canine species but absent in non‐canids. We further confirmed that the deletion is prevalent in the Canidae family by sequencing three species of wild canids. Since canids uniquely ovulate oocytes at the prophase stage of the first meiotic division, requiring maturation in the oviduct, we conjecture that the amino acid substitution and the six‐residue deletion of GDF9 may serve as a model for insights into the dynamics of oocyte maturation in canids.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Wiley Subscription Services, Inc</pub><pmid>31802524</pmid><doi>10.1111/age.12882</doi><tpages>9</tpages></addata></record>
fulltext fulltext
identifier ISSN: 0268-9146
ispartof Animal genetics, 2020-02, Vol.51 (1), p.78-86
issn 0268-9146
1365-2052
language eng
recordid cdi_proquest_miscellaneous_2322142942
source MEDLINE; Wiley Online Library Journals Frontfile Complete
subjects Amino Acid Sequence
Amino acid substitution
Amino acids
Animals
Breeding
Canidae
Canis lupus familiaris
Deletion
Dogs
Dogs - genetics
Female
Gametocytes
Genetic Association Studies - veterinary
Genotype
Genotypes
Growth differentiation factor 9
Growth Differentiation Factor 9 - genetics
Heritability
Litter size
Litter Size - genetics
Male
Markers
Maturation
Meiosis
Mountains
multiple ovulation
Mutation, Missense
Nucleotides
number of offspring
Oocytes
Oviduct
Pedigree
Phenotype
Phenotypes
Proline
Prophase
Serine
single nucleotide polymorphism
single‐step genomic best linear unbiased prediction
Substitutes
Variance analysis
Vertebrates
title Association of missense variants in GDF9 with litter size in Entlebucher Mountain dogs
url https://sfx.bib-bvb.de/sfx_tum?ctx_ver=Z39.88-2004&ctx_enc=info:ofi/enc:UTF-8&ctx_tim=2025-02-20T13%3A13%3A04IST&url_ver=Z39.88-2004&url_ctx_fmt=infofi/fmt:kev:mtx:ctx&rfr_id=info:sid/primo.exlibrisgroup.com:primo3-Article-proquest_cross&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:journal&rft.genre=article&rft.atitle=Association%20of%20missense%20variants%20in%20GDF9%20with%20litter%20size%20in%20Entlebucher%20Mountain%20dogs&rft.jtitle=Animal%20genetics&rft.au=Torrecilha,%20R.%20B.%20P.&rft.date=2020-02&rft.volume=51&rft.issue=1&rft.spage=78&rft.epage=86&rft.pages=78-86&rft.issn=0268-9146&rft.eissn=1365-2052&rft_id=info:doi/10.1111/age.12882&rft_dat=%3Cproquest_cross%3E2322142942%3C/proquest_cross%3E%3Curl%3E%3C/url%3E&disable_directlink=true&sfx.directlink=off&sfx.report_link=0&rft_id=info:oai/&rft_pqid=2334660290&rft_id=info:pmid/31802524&rfr_iscdi=true