effect of submarine wastewater discharge on the bacterial quality of surf waters

A system involving enumeration of Escherichia coli I, parasite units, staphylococci and salmonellas, and determination of salinity, was developed for the objective assessment of bacterial water quality in the sea off Durban, South Africa. The system was used to measure the quality of the surf waters before and after the construction of two submarine outfalls. Significant improvement in the quality of the surf along the bathing beaches has been noted since the outfalls became operational.