Wettability Control in Tree Structure-Based 1D Fiber Assemblies for Moisture Wicking Functionality

One of the fundamental properties of natural systems is their water transport ability, and living systems have efficient moisture management features. Here, a unique structure, inspired by the water transfer behavior in trees, was designed for one-dimensional (1D) fiber assemblies. In this 1D fiber assembly structure, a differential capillary effect enabling rapid water transfer at the interface between traditional cotton fibers and electrospun nanofibers was explored. A tree-like structure yarn was constructed successfully by novel electrospinning technology, and the effect was quantitatively controlled by precisely regulating the fibers’ wettability. Fabrics based on these tree-like core-spun yarns possessed advanced moisture-wicking performance, a high one-way transport index (R) of 1034.5%, and a desirable overall moisture management capability of 0.88, which are over two times higher than those of conventional fabrics. This moisture-wicking regime endowed these 1D fiber assemblies with unique water transfer channels, providing a new strategy for moisture-heat transmission, microfluidics, and biosensor applications.