Laryngeal adductor function following potassium titanyl phosphate laser welding of the recurrent laryngeal nerve

Objectives/Hypothesis Recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) transection injuries may occur during thyroidectomy and other surgical procedures. Laser nerve welding has been shown to cause less technique‐related axonal damage than the traditional suture method. We compared functional adductor results using these two methods of RLN repair. Study Design Animal model. Methods Canine hemilarynges underwent pretreatment testing of laryngeal adductor function, followed by RLN transection and repair using potassium titanyl phosphate (KTP) laser welding (n = 8) or microneural suture (n = 16) techniques. Six months later, adductor function was measured again and expressed as a proportion of the pretreatment value. Results The mean laryngeal adductor pressure ratios were 82.4% (95% confidence interval [CI]: 72.8%‐92.0%) for the laser repair group and 55.5% (95% CI: 49.4%‐61.6%) for the suture control group, with a difference of 26.9% (95% CI: 15.3%‐38.5%). Both spontaneous and stimulated glottic closure was observed in the laser welding and microsuture repair groups. Conclusions Laser nerve welding resulted in greater strength of adduction than suture repair of an acutely transected RLN. Suture anastomosis may traumatize more axons than the laser. Stronger vocal fold adduction is associated clinically with better protection from aspiration and improved voice outcomes. KTP laser welding should be considered for anastomosis of the RLN and other nerves. Level of Evidence NA Laryngoscope, 130:1764–1769, 2020