Hormonal and Psychogenic Risk Factors for Erectile Dysfunction in Men with HTLV-1

Erectile dysfunction (ED) is associated with neurological damage due to human T-lymphotropic virus 1 (HTLV-1) infection, but hormonal and psychogenic factors also cause ED. To evaluate the association of psychogenic and hormonal factors with ED in men infected with HTLV-1. In this cross-sectional study, we compared total testosterone, follicle stimulating hormone, luteinizing hormone, prolactin, anxiety symptoms, depressive symptoms, and neurologic manifestations in HTLV-1-infected men with or without ED. The International Index of Erectile Function was used to determine the degree of ED. Participants were grouped according to Osame’s Motor Disability Scale and the Expanded Disability Status Scale: HTLV-1-associated myelopathy or tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP), probable HAM/TSP, or HTLV-1 carrier. Chi-square and Fisher’s exact tests were used to compare the groups, and regression analyses were used to show predictors of ED. Sexual hormonal levels, psychogenic factors, and neurologic disabilities were found to be associated with ED. ED was associated with age older than 60 years (P < .001), degree of neurologic involvement (P