Grain Subtype and the Combination of Grains Consumed Are Associated with the Risk of Metabolic Syndrome: Analysis of a Community-Based Prospective Cohort

Evidence on the prospective association between grain consumption and metabolic syndrome (MetS) is lacking. This study explored the association between grain intake by subtype or various combinations of grain intake and the risk of developing MetS in South Korean adults using data from a community-based prospective cohort study. A total of 5717 participants (2984 men and 2733 women) aged 40–69 y without MetS were followed up for 10 y (2001–2012). Grain consumption was assessed using a semiquantitative FFQ at baseline (2001–2002) and a follow-up examination (2005–2006). A multivariate Cox proportional hazards model was used to examine the risk of incident MetS and its components according to grain consumption (