Effects of adiponectin on random pattern skin flap survival in rats

Random flaps are commonly used to repair wounds and improve the clinical appearance. However, flap necrosis is frequently encountered in the clinical setting. Adiponectin is a biologically active endogenous polypeptide secreted by adipocytes that can reduce oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis. This study was performed to explore the effects of adiponectin on the survival of random flaps in rats. Thirty-six healthy rats were divided into two groups, i.e., an adiponectin group and a control group. A modified McFarlane flap was created on the backs of the rats. The area of flap survival was gauged after sacrifice of the rats on day 7 after surgery, and the tissue samples were subjected to histological analysis. Angiogenesis was assessed by oxide-gelatin angiography, laser Doppler imaging, and immunohistochemistry. Pathological changes in the flaps were examined by hematoxylin and eosin staining. The level of oxidative stress was evaluated using malondialdehyde (MDA) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) kits. The adiponectin group had a larger tissue survival area and less edema compared with the control group. VEGF expression and SOD activity were markedly increased, but the MDA level was significantly decreased, in the adiponectin group. Histological analysis showed that adiponectin promoted angiogenesis and inhibited inflammation. Adiponectin is useful for improving random skin flap survival.