Overall Similarities and a Possible Factor Affecting Plasma Metabolome Profiles Between Venous and Capillary Blood Samples From 20 Healthy Human Males

Amino acids and lipids are biomarkers used to assess the presence and severity of disease, as well as the toxicological response to drugs. Although upper-extremity venipuncture is a well-used standard technique, fingertip capillary sampling is a more convenient procedure. Delineating the global differences in amino acid and lipid levels in capillary and venous blood samples is paramount for expanding the application of capillary blood tests in biomarker assays. We recruited 20 healthy male subjects and collected plasma obtained from both fingertip capillary and antecubital venous blood. The samples were analyzed to determine the overall profiles of amino acids and lipids and to test for differences in their levels between both vessel types. The results demonstrated that the differences between capillary and venous blood had a lower impact than interindividual variations; however, trends of separation between them were observed for amino acids. The levels of 5 out of 28 amino acids scored fold changes over 30%, while 9 out of 498 lipids had a fold change over 30%. The time required for fingertip blood collection could be a factor for the differences in 3 metabolites. These findings provide useful information for the application of fingertip capillary blood sampling in biomarker assays.