DPP-4 Levels Are Increased in Subjects with Poor Sleep Quality

Up to 30% of the population has sleep disturbances, generating a negative health impact, a situation that is often not known and no medical attention is sought. It has been observed that after a total deprivation of sleep, the levels of dipeptidyl peptidase 4 (DPP-4) tend to increase. The aim of this study was to compare serum levels of DPP-4 in healthy subjects, with adequate and poor-quality sleep needing medical/pharmacological treatment. Cross-sectional study of subjects scheduled for elective surgery with low cardiometabolic risk. Subjects between 18-70 years of age were included, without previous diagnosed pathology (diabetes mellitus type 2; neoplasm; nephropathy; and liver disease) and major amputations, and who signed informed consent. The study protocol was aproved in the Local Committee for Ethics and Research, number 45-16. Anthropometry was performed (% body fat; waist and neck circumferences), and sleep quality assessment (Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index [PSQI]) to classify them as worthy or not worthy of medical/pharmacological care. Serum DPP-4 was determined by Enzime Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA). The statistical analysis was done in RStudio Software. Fifty seven subjects (2017-2018) were included, with a combined frequency of overweight/obesity of 66.6% and with abdominal circumference values of 93.2 ± 13.6, higher than that proposed by the International Diabetes Federation. The PSQI was 8.3 ± 4.1, and 56.1% were classified as worthy of medical/pharmacological attention. When comparing the levels of DPP-4, these were higher in this group 2385.0 ± 2082.0 versus not worthy 1716.7 ± 1261.7 pg/mL, being statistically significant ( = 0.035). The elevated levels of DPP-4 in person with poor quality sleep worthy of medical/pharmacological treatment could be an early indicator of metabolic disorders, which need to be evaluated in depth.