Risk Factors Associated With New-Onset Diabetes After Liver Transplant: A Case Control Study

New-onset diabetes after transplant is a severe complication that can present in liver transplant recipients, negatively impacting quality of life and graft survival. It also contributes to increased risk of infection, cardiovascular disease, and rejection, which are the main causes of death among liver transplant recipients. The aim of the present study was to assess the risk factors associated with new-onset diabetes after transplant. This was a case control study based on the data from 146 liver transplant patients at a reference hospital. The data from the charts were collected using a 2-part form: Part I (sociodemographic variables) and Part II (clinical variables). Multiple analysis showed that pre-existing systemic arterial hypertension (odds ratio [OR], 2.65; 95% CI, 1.12–6.28) and the use of sodium mycophenolate associated with tacrolimus (OR, 2.68; 95% CI, 1.02–7.06) increased the risk of new-onset diabetes after transplant. On comparing the anthropometric variables, lipid panel, and blood glucose levels of liver transplant patients with and without diabetes, higher glycemic levels were found in the group with diabetes (P < .001). Pre-existing systemic arterial hypertension and the associated use of sodium mycophenolate and tacrolimus increased the risk of new-onset diabetes after transplant. •Systemic arterial hypertension increases the risk of diabetes after liver transplant.•Sodium mycophenolate with tacrolimus increases the risk of diabetes after liver transplant.•Strict follow-up of liver transplant patients with risk factors for diabetes.