Complications during catheter‐mediated patent ductus arteriosus closure and pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty

Objectives To evaluate and illustrate complications of cardiac catheterisation and the associated risk factors of the most common cardiac intervention procedures. Materials and Methods Retrospective study of clinical records of client‐owned dogs presented to a cardiology referral centre between January 2006 and December 2017. Results Five hundred and twenty‐four dogs were included, 62 of which had complications. Complications were divided into technical complications and those due to unexpected additional anatomical abnormalities. Seven procedures (1.33%) were interrupted; five dogs (0.95%) subsequently underwent surgery, and four dogs died during the interventional procedure, indicating a mortality rate of 0.76% Clinical Significance There is a low risk of complications following closure of patent ductus arteriosus or pulmonary balloon valvuloplasty when carried out by a trained team using standardised procedures in a referral centre.