The effect of miR‐579 on the PI3K/AKT pathway in human glioblastoma PTEN mutant cell lines

Glioblastoma multiform (GBM) is a type of aggressive brain cancer with limited success in standard treatment. MicroRNAs are one of the most beneficial tools for diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancer. This study aimed to investigate the effect of miR‐579 on cellular behaviors and expression of PI3K/AKT signaling pathway in GBM cell lines. In the present study, miR‐579 was overexpressed in U251 and A‐172 cell lines by using lentil vector, and its effect on cellular behavior such as proliferation and migration was investigated by the cell cycle, 3‐(4,5‐dimethylthiazol‐2‐yl)‐2,5‐diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT), Annexin V, colony formation, Transwell and wound healing assays. MiR‐579 predicted target genes (AKT1, Rheb, PDK1, and a few others) were also evaluated by real‐time polymerase chain reaction or luciferase assay and Western blot analysis. Our results represented that overexpression of miR‐579 could inhibit proliferation, migration, cell cycle and also promoted the apoptosis of GBM cell lines. The luciferase reporter assay showed miR‐579 directly targets the 3 UTR of mTOR, Rheb, and PDK1 and repressed their expressions. Furthermore, the Western blot analysis showed that miR‐579 could downregulate the AKT1 and Rheb protein expression. Overall, our findings propose that miR‐579 functions as a novel tumor suppressor gene in GBM by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and may serve as a therapeutic target for clinical therapy of glioblastoma multiform. In summary, the results of our study indicate that miR‐579 could function as a tumor suppressor gene. However, according to our findings the simultaneous use of this miRNA, along with standard clinical therapies may improve the treatment of glioblastoma tumors. Of course, this needs to be investigated further in the in vivo.