Biological and technical outcomes of restored implants after maxillary sinus augmentation—Results at 1‐year loading

Objective To report biological and technical outcomes of implant‐supported restorations placed into previously maxillary sinus floor augmentation using the lateral wall approach (MSA) using anorganic bovine bone mineral (ABBM) + autogenous bone (AB) (control group) or collagen‐stabilized ABBM (test group). Materials and methods Single implant was placed 6 months after MSA in 27 control and 26 test patients. Fixed restorations were delivered 12 weeks later and reviewed 12 months after function. Outcomes measured included implant survival, marginal bone levels (DIB), peri‐implant parameters, and incidence of biological and technical complications. Results Seven patients (three control, four test group) did not return for their 1‐year review. No significant inter‐group differences were noted for all parameters. At baseline (3 months after implant placement), a mean(SD) marginal bone loss of 0.66 mm (0.40) and 0.77 mm (0.48) from the implant shoulder was recorded in the control and test group, respectively. After 12 months of loading, a mean (SD) additional marginal bone loss of 0.32 mm (0.24) and 0.35 mm (0.23) was noted in the control and test group, respectively. Peri‐implant mucositis (≥1 site BOP) was diagnosed in 62.9% of control and 69.23% of test patients. No peri‐implantitis was diagnosed. Screw retention and single crowns predominated. Technical complications mostly comprised of ceramic veneer chipping and were noted in 7.4% of control and 11.54% of test patients. Conclusion Based on a short observation period, implant reconstruction of the partially edentulous posterior maxilla after MSA using ABBM + AB or collagen‐stabilized ABBM led stable marginal bone levels, high prevalence of peri‐implant mucositis, and low rates of technical complications.