Physiopathology and pharmacological perspectives in the treatment of radiation enteritis

The small intestine is an organ frequently exposed in abdominal and pelvic irradiations. Acute and late toxicity can sometimes be difficult to manage and can significantly affect the quality of life of patients. Currently there is no guideline on the management of acute and late side effects induced by therapeutic irradiation. The aim of this review is to summarize available data on the pathophysiology of radiation enteritis, and to highlight potential preventive strategies and principles of treatment of radiation enteritis.