Active Surveillance for Prostate Cancer in a Real-life Cohort: Comparing Outcomes for PRIAS-eligible and PRIAS-ineligible Patients

In daily practice, a wider range of patients with prostate cancer (PCa) are selected for active surveillance (AS) compared to those in AS trials, including higher-risk patients. However, less is known about the outcomes for off-protocol selected PCa patients who opt for AS. To compare AS outcomes for higher-risk patients and very low-risk patients in a large cohort of patients diagnosed with PCa. Patients diagnosed with PCa between 2008 and 2015 with clinical stage ≥T1c and managed with AS at six large teaching hospitals. AS included regular prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing (every 3–6 mo) and a confirmatory biopsy 1 yr after diagnosis and every 3 yr thereafter. Using the inclusion criteria of the PRIAS study, outcomes for PRIAS-eligible patients (ie, cT1c–T2, Gleason sum score ≤6, ≤2 positive biopsy cores, PSA ≤10 ng/ml, and PSA density