Space, identity, and bilingual poetry: rethinking Iranian "emigration poetry."(Exiles & Explorers: Iranian Diaspora Literature Since 1980)

Modern Persian poetry outside the borders of Iran has developed into three categories: emigration poetry, poetry by immigrants, and exile poetry. The first captures the behavioral experience of living outside one's original culture. Poetry by immigrants includes all poems written away from Iran. Exile poetry, however, is centered on opposing the post-1980 form of Iranian government. Bilingual Iranian poetry is a marginal but emerging style.