Metasurface‐Based Molecular Biosensing Aided by Artificial Intelligence

Molecular spectroscopy provides unique information on the internal structure of biological materials by detecting the characteristic vibrational signatures of their constituent chemical bonds at infrared frequencies. Nanophotonic antennas and metasurfaces have driven this concept towards few‐molecule sensitivity by confining incident light into intense hot spots of the electromagnetic fields, providing strongly enhanced light‐matter interaction. In this Minireview, recently developed molecular biosensing approaches based on the combination of dielectric metasurfaces and imaging detection are highlighted in comparison to traditional plasmonic geometries, and the unique potential of artificial intelligence techniques for nanophotonic sensor design and data analysis is emphasized. Because of their spectrometer‐less operation principle, such imaging‐based approaches hold great promise for miniaturized biosensors in practical point‐of‐care or field‐deployable applications. Metaresonances resolve matter: Metasurface‐based biospectroscopy has emerged as a highly sensitive tool for identifying and quantifying the constituents of biochemical systems. This Minireview showcases different metaresonator geometries and the unique possibilities they offer for molecular studies. Recently demonstrated dielectric metasurfaces with imaging‐based detection are emphasized, and the prospect of AI‐enhanced biosensing is highlighted.