Intracerebral Delivery in Complex 3D Arrays: The Intracerebral Microinjection Instrument

This video article describes and illustrates the function and application of the intracerebral microinjection instrument (IMI). This newly developed technology allows delivery of therapeutic agents within the human brain in complex 3-dimensional arrays using a single pass or minimal overlying penetrations through brain tissue. The IMI uses a delivery microcannula with a reduced diameter that minimizes local trauma and is capable of delivering precise volumes of therapeutic agents to discrete brain substructures. The IMI also permits simultaneous recording of neural activity during the delivery procedure, enabling extreme precision using electrophysiologic mapping. Surgical planning software designed specifically for the IMI enables strategic placement of multiple injections. This technology platform is presently being used successfully to deliver therapeutic stem cells to restore function in stroke patients. Additional applications of the IMI include delivery of viral vectors for gene therapy, infusion of neurotrophic factors, targeted delivery of chemotherapeutic agents, and delivery of antiretroviral medications.