Glycemic response to low sugar apple juice treated with invertase, glucose oxidase and catalase

Background/Objectives Investigating the effect on post-prandial glycemic and venous serum insulin response of an apple drink following the conversion of its glucose to gluconate. Subjects/Methods In a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial with cross-over design, 30 male adults with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) received a drink of 500 ml: 1. Verum : Apple juice treated with invertase, glucose oxidase/catalase (glucose 0.05 g; gluconate 18.2 g); 2. Control : Untreated apple juice (free glucose 8.5 g; bound glucose 6.7 g; gluconate below detection limit). Postprandial fingerprick capillary blood glucose and venous serum insulin were measured twice at baseline and at times 0 (start of drink), 15, 30, 45, 60, 90 and 120 min. Gastrointestinal symptoms, stool consistency and satiety were also assessed. Results The incremental area under the curve (iAUC 120 ) of glucose levels (primary parameter) was significantly lower after verum (mean ± SD: 63.6 ± 46.7 min × mmol/l) compared to control (mean ± SD: 198 ± 80.9 min × mmol/l) (ANOVA F = 137.4, p