Comprehensive analysis of vitreous humor chemokines in type 2 diabetic patients with and without diabetic retinopathy

Aims To compare the vitreous levels of chemokines in diabetic patients with and without retinopathy. To find the relationship between stages of diabetic retinopathy (DR) and levels of vitreous chemokines. Methods The study involved 20 non-diabetic and 20 diabetic patients without clinical signs of DR (NDR) and 40 diabetic patients with proliferative diabetic retinopathy (PDR). The vitreous humor was collected and the levels of 40 chemokines were measured using magnetic color-bead-based multiplex assay. Results The control group, NDR group, PDR with vitreous hemorrhage (VH) group, and PDR with tractional retinal detachment group comprised 20, 20, 21, and 19 eyes, respectively. Only the concentration of CCL3 was significantly higher in the NDR group compared with the controls ( p = 0.038). Twenty-five types of chemokines were statistically higher in the PDR with VH group in comparison to NDR group (all p