Subtypes of overtime work and nurses’ fatigue, mental status, and work engagement: A latent class analysis of Japanese hospital nurses

Aims To clarify the subgroups of overtime work motivations and to determine how fatigue, mental status, and work engagement differ among the subgroups. Design Cross‐sectional. Methods Questionnaires were distributed to 1,075 full‐time nurses working in four hospitals in Japan from October 2015 ‐ February 2016. Nurses were categorized into subgroups of overtime work motivation by latent class analysis. An analysis of covariance was conducted to examine how fatigue, mental status, and work engagement differ among subgroups. Results/Findings We identified five types of overtime workers differing greatly in fatigue, mental status, and work engagement. Conclusions Even when nurses worked approximately the same work hours, the difference in motivation corresponded to different degrees of fatigue, mental status, and work engagement. When introducing policies to reduce overtime work, managers should consider the different groups of overtime workers, as effective measures may differ. 目的明确加班动机的亚组,并确定各子类护理人员的疲劳程度、精神状态和工作投入程度的差异。设计横断面研究方法2015年10月至2016年2月期间,对在日本境内四家医院工作的共1075名全职护士进行问卷调查。通过潜在的班级分析方法,将所有护士分为加班动机存在差异的亚组,并通过协方差分析的方法,对不同亚组之间的疲劳、精神状态和工作投入的程度进行了分析。结果/发现我们共确定五种加班人员,而此五种加班人员在疲劳程度、精神状态和工作投入程度方面均存在极大差异。结论尽管护理人员的工作时间大致相同,然而,其工作动机的差异同样与其疲劳程度、精神状态以及工作投入程度有关。在推行减少加班时间的政策时,管理人员应将不同的加班工人群体纳入考虑范围,原因在于具体的有效措施可能存在差异。