Health consequences of bullying in the healthcare workplace: A systematic review

Aims To review both mental and physical health consequences of bullying for healthcare employees. Design Systematic literature review. Data sources EMBASE, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PUBMED and Web of Science Core Collection were searched for articles published between 2005 ‐ January 2017. Review methods This review was conducted using the framework described by Khan and reported using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses. Two independent reviewers performed systematic data extraction and appraised the methodological quality of included articles. A pooled mean prevalence of bullying was estimated. Results Forty‐five papers met inclusion criteria. Bullying prevalence ranged from 3.9% to 86.5%, with a pooled mean estimate of 26.3%. Perceived bullying was associated with mental health problems including psychological distress, depression and burnout, and physical health problems including insomnia and headache. Bullied staff took more sick leave. Conclusion Bullying occurs frequently amongst healthcare staff and is deleterious to health and occupational functionality. 目的 评价欺凌行为对医护人员身心健康的影响。 设计 系统性文献评价。 资料来源 对EMBASE、MEDLINE、PsycINFO、PUBMED以及科学网核心库上2005年至2017年1月期间发表的文章进行了检索。 综述方法 本次评价使用Khan所描述的框架进行,并且,使用首选报告项目进行系统性评价和荟萃分析。两位独立评价人员进行了系统的数据提取,并对所纳入文章的方法学质量进行了评估。估算了欺凌行为的总体平均盛行率。 结果 45篇论文符合纳入标准。欺凌行为的盛行率在3.9%‐86.5%之间,总体平均估算值为26.3%。认识到欺凌行为与心理健康问题(包括心理压力、抑郁和倦怠)以及身体健康问题(包括失眠和头痛)相关。受欺凌的员工往往会请更多病假。 结论 欺凌行为在医护人员中频繁发生,并且,会对健康和职业功能产生不利影响。